Few days later, I looked at the settings again, still couldn't see anything wrong. Then it dawned on me to check the firewall settings, and the problem was indeed an firewall issue. I may be wrong, but I think the own default was
input -> acceptoutput -> acceptforward -> reject
where as the new default is
input -> rejectoutput -> acceptforward -> reject
As I highlighted, the culprit for my problem is the change to the input default setting.
INPUT governs traffic originating from devices in the zone that has its final destination on the router. Examples for this would be DHCP requests or DNS lookups
With input set to reject, computers on the network cannot talk to the router, i.e. getting access to the DHCP etc. Hence, my computer appeared as having problem to join the network.
Simply change the input to accept, the problem fixes.